This is some research that I have gathered from various places that shows the physical evolution of the phone. I first want to start by looking into modernity and modernism, exploring how this has effected the creation and development of the phone. This information was taken from http://pegasus.cc.ucf.edu/~janzb/courses/hum3255/modernviews1.htm:
'The first and simplest way to define modernity and distinguish it from modernism is in terms of new technologies - on a mass scale for mass consumption. Modernity in real terms means new modes of transport (the automobile, bus, aeroplane, tractor and underground train); new media (film, photography, the X-ray, telephone, typewriter, tape recorder); new materials (reinforced concrete, stell, plate glass, ready-mixed oil paint, plastic, dyes and man-made fibres); new sources of power and energy (oil and petroleum, electricity, the internal combustion engine, diesel engine and steam turbine). All these technologies give rise to a qualitatively different experience of "being modern". The 20th century Western inhabitant speeds into totally new spheres - geographical, but also interpersonal, emotional, and cultural.'
I got this book out of the library to see what kind of books were already available that would be using similar information to me. As you can see from the outside, this book isn't exactly 'nice' design. It is very cheap looking with a crazy colour scheme. This is something I really want to avoid and will constantly be using this as a guide when I create my own designs, which I hope to be very clean and easy to understand.This information was taken from http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/evolution-of-mobile-phones/:
1995
In 1995 mobile phones used to look like this, huge in size and with a pretty long antenna. It is similar to today’s cordless phone. It must seem real odd to us now, but back then this cell phone were the craze of the day.
1996
In 1996, mobile phones became a little more defined and better looking than how they were before. Antennas were shortened and the designs modified; the features were also upgraded. The above image shows Nokia 9000 which was one of the most popular phones of that time.
1997
In 1996, the antennas vanished from the mobile phones, giving an improved look than how it was before. This enhancement also saved space and marked the introduction of internal antennas in the mobile phones. The above image shows a typical cell phone of 1997 from telco AT&T.
1998
Though antennas were removed from most of the mobile phones, there are still some of them who retained antennas and changed the typical colour of black to vibrant coloured cases instead. The above image shows Nokia 5110 which was launched in 1998 and was available in a variety of colours to choose from.
1999
In 1999, mobile phones were given a more compact look. The above image shows a Nokia 3210, features cool colours, internal antenna and better graphics in a much smaller package than previous phones.
2000
In 2000, the world’s first touchscreen phone came out. Although it didn’t have advanced touchscreen technology like those available today, but at that time it was a huge craze and the introduction of a promising technology. The image shows a Motorola phone which has a simple black and white touchscreen, allowing easier access to various features than before.
2001
2001 was the birth year of the world’s first monochromatic display cell phone, and with that we wave goodbye to the old and boring black display. The image shows a Nokia 8250, which had a single colour display, for example the background was not the same grey background anymore, it had backgrounds of different colours like blue, which along with the compact design made this phone a great choice for everyone.
2002
In 2002, technology made another huge change in the history of mobile phones, putting a great full colour display and integrating camera to mobile phones, producing the world’s first camera cell phone. The Nokia 7650 shown here is on sliding mode, features a great colour display and a 0.3MP camera allowing you to snap pictures on the move.
2003
In 2003, the clam shell phone very much like the Samsung S300 above was introduced. mobile phones are no longer limited to single screen. This model has a small screen on the outside to notify calls and text messages coming in, and a big screen on the inner for the user to type messages and carry out other functions of the phone.
2004
2004 gave rise to the one of the slimmest cell phone of the time, created by Motorola. The above image shows a Motorola V3, which was in a class of its own, bearing stunning looks, a slim shape, dual screen, VGA Camera and lots of other exciting features. mobile phones have come a long way from brick-like bulky to stylish sleek that can fit in your shirt pocket. Surely we’ve reached the pinnacle of cell phone evolution, right?
2005
In 2005, Sony unveiled the world’s first Walkman phone, and W800i was truly an awesome phone definitive of the series. The Sony W800i shown here was built for delivering great music and with dedicated buttons for music playback, Memory Stick support, which made it a great gadget for enjoying music anytime on the go. And it still serves all the main purpose of a cell phone.
2006
In 2006, mobile phones were transforming with into a stylish gadget. It began its new role as an accessory to mark the personality of the owner, to make a statement of what defines one’s preferences, likes and dislikes. The LG Chocolate, was a great example of how cellphone designers are putting style in the forefront of cell phone design.
2007
In 2007, Apple Inc unveiled the Apple iPhone, which was the world’s first advanced touchscreen smartphone. It’s the first phone to have an operating system, the iOS, and by enabling apps to run on the phone, it had allowed cellphones to become the primary mobile device of use. Having an iPhone became a source of pride.
2008
In 2008, as dependence on the laptop as a necessary tool for work increase, mobile phones undergo transformation to become the device to have with you on-the-go. The HTC G1, which was a slider cell phone that hides a full QWERTY keypad beneath its large screen, runs on the Android OS.
2009
In 2009, mobile phones can still fit in your palm but the screens get bigger and bears higher resolutions for high performance display. The Motorola Milestone carries a large touchscreen, full QWERTY Keypad and ran on Android OS, delivering advanced features to work with.
2010
In 2010, mobile phones were transformed into something like this. Have you ever imagined that you could see this kind of cell phone evolving from the typical brick type heavy phones in the past? The above image shows a Motorola Backflip, which featured a new kind of form, allowing the user to flip the screen on the back of the phone for easy working, as shown above.
2011
2011 marked the return of the touchscreen which dominated the mobile gadget scene with its powerful hardware and sleek looks. The above image shows a Samsung Galaxy S II, which has just about all the things that a cell phone and its owner needs in this modern age. It has an 8MP camera and AMOLED Display, runs on the Android OS, is less than 1 cm thick, supports web browsing, calls and has an in-built GPS. This was the phone to beat in 2011.
2012
In 2012, we have the Nokia Lumia 800, which runs on the Windows 7 Mobile Edition OS. No one could have imagined that in a mere 17 years, mobile phones could have made the leap from just being the alternative to landlines to becoming a computer, GPS, radio and our lifeline to the Internet, and still be able to fit in your pocket.
mobile phones have evolved a lot in terms of their form, performance and features, and will continue to evolve more and more in the future. I can’t wait to see what’s in store for us on the next evolutionary stage of mobile phones.
This reasonably broad selection of examples shows a clear evolution of the phone from only 1995. I would like to look even further back than this, maybe exploring the very original phones. The vast difference between those phones and the examples I have here would already show a clear and significant difference.
This information takes the timeline back slightly further, to the year 1956 and the creation of the very first 'cell phone'. The information was taken from http://www.buzzfeed.com/lollaparooza/the-evolution-of-cell-phones-from-1956-to-the-firs-8s5g:
1956 - SRA/Ericsson MTA (Mobile Telephone System A)
This bad boy weighed 88 pounds, making it ironically immobile.
Via: pcworld.com
1983 - Motorola DynaTAC 8000X
The first truly mobile phone. It retailed for $3,995 in 1983, which translates roughly to over $8,700!
Via: francemovil.do
1989 - Motorola MicroTAC1984 - Nokia Mobira Talkman
The purpose of the big box? Longer battery life.
Via: pcworld.com
1992 - Motorola International 3200
The first digital hand-sized mobile telephone. For Hulk hands.
Via: webdesignerdepot.com
1994 - Motorola 2900 Bag Phone
I remember thinking that people with these in their cars were RICH.
I found this timeline of the history of the telephone. It is very informative, much of the information on here I don't even fully understand. However, it does give a much more detailed description of the broad history of the telephone all the way back to it's creation in the mid 20th century. The information is taken from http://blog.nyphonejacks.com/2011/11/history-of-telephone.html:
Information taken from http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20111231091913AAnyf2h:
"The telephone was invented in March of 1876. The famous incident in which Alexander Graham Bell spilled acid on himself and called out to his assistant, Watson, not realizing his voice was being carried over the telephone was on March 10.
The invention was patented on January 30, 1877 by Bell.
1915: First transcontinental telephone call, with Thomas Watson at 333 Grant Avenue in San Francisco receiving the call from Alexander Graham Bell at 15 Day Street in New York City.
There are a couple of factors that go into this question. The first Telephone was invented by Antonio Meucci in 1857. Most people, though, accredit it's invention to Alexander Graham Bell, who invented the first practical telephone in 1876."
1915: First transcontinental telephone call, with Thomas Watson at 333 Grant Avenue in San Francisco receiving the call from Alexander Graham Bell at 15 Day Street in New York City.
There are a couple of factors that go into this question. The first Telephone was invented by Antonio Meucci in 1857. Most people, though, accredit it's invention to Alexander Graham Bell, who invented the first practical telephone in 1876."
This is something I had thought about doing for my own publication. It would allow me to show all of the inner parts of a telephone, something that I wanted to do anyway, as well as produce something aesthetically pleasing to have within my publication. I would like to try to be able to do this with an older style phone such as the one used here, as well as a newer mobile (only a really, really cheap one though)
As I am thinking mainly about creating a newspaper style publication to display and present my text and imagery, I started to look for existing publications that I feel I would like to use as a guide when creating my own. Here are some publications that I feel are visually appealing and appropriate:
http://pinterest.com/pin/129619295497599516/
http://designspiration.net/image/1281206665249/
http://www.behance.net/gallery/Linecons-Free-pack-48-Vector-Icons-%28PSD-AI-CSS%29/6986775
As my publication is based around the phone, much of which will therefore be looking at more modern phones. These kinds of linear, simple icons will be very appropriate to use as possible symbols etc. throughout my publication, keeping my design consistent with the theme.
http://designspiration.net/image/83153751535/
This is a link to a website that I have found that talks about 'Good Design'. The lay-out of this website is very minimal, clean and simple; the basic way in which it is presented is similar to the way in which I wanted to present my publication. Here are some screen shots of it:
I think that this is very well suited for my purpose as my main goal within my publication is to present the phone as a product and as a piece of design. This basic, clean lay-out would allow me to do so without the design interfering with the content.
http://www.geek.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/cellphone_evo_01.jpg
http://www.iphone5unlock1.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/the-new-iphone5.jpg
Most of the features that mobile phones have available:
- Phone directory
- Clock
- Calculator
- Games
- Personalized/custom sounds
- Appointment reminder/calendar
- Incoming-number storage
- Automatic redial
- Last-number recall
- Mute/hold button
- One-touch dialing/speed dialing
- Voice-activated functions
- Vibrate mode
- Lock/alarm
- Call forwarding
- Multi-party calls
- Hands-free headset/speakerphone
- External volume/ringer control
- Rapid charger/built-in charger
- Car adapter
- Text messaging
- Wireless Internet
- Modem function
- PC synchronization
- PDA
- MP3 player
- GPS receiver
These are things that I could go about creating simple icons for to be used within my publication.
Information taken from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_many_cell_phones_are_sold_each_year -
Cell phones sold world wide:
2004 - 674 million
2005 - 779 million
2007 - 1.1 billion
prescription of 2009 - 1 billion
workd wide, 3.3 billion cell phone subscription
Every year marking of 12% increase from the previouse year
http://wiki.ucalgary.ca/images/e/e1/Celltimeline.jpg
http://www.facebooktopcover.com/creative/simple/full/facebook-cover-phone-evolution-for-facebook-timeline-1.jpg
http://www.mrpopculture.com/thereport/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Mr.-Pop-History-History-of-Audio-Telephone.jpg
http://cache.gizmodo.com/assets/resources/2008/02/Cellphones-Timeline3.jpg
Now that I have decided on a running order for my publication, I am going to research into the different sections I shall cover within it. Once I have gathered all of my research I can begin to properly lay-out my pages in a way that best suits the type of content each individual one shall have. These are the topics I shall be covering within my publication:
- Contents Page - 1 Double Page
- Timeline of imagery of the phone, minimal text - 20 Double Pages
- Modernism - 1 Double Page
- Cup and String - 1 Double Page
- Phone hacking - 1 Double Page
- Images of Phone Parts? - 1 Double Page?
- Films about/based around Phones - 2 Double Pages
- Alexander Graham Bell etc. - 1 Double Page
- Fine art/ modern visual culture using Phones? - 1 Double Page
- Features of a phone - 1 Double Page
- Features (what you can do on/with it) - 1 Double Page
- Apple and their products - 3 Double Pages
- Index that explains the icons etc. - 1 Double Pages
Total of 35 double pages (or 70 pages) plus two blank pages.
Modernism and Modernity: 'Modernism was a cultural movement in the first part of the 20th century. It occurred in art, literature, music, architecture and drama.
Modernism is marked by a rejection of tradition, and an interest in new ways of doing old things. Also, there was a belief that the application of science and technology could change the world for the better. The changes began in the late 19th century and carried on until about 1950. The details differ greatly, and the term covers some movements which are somewhat contradictory.' 'At the same time, the 1920s were known as the "Jazz Age", and the public showed considerable enthusiasm for cars, air travel, the telephone and other technological advances.'
The forces of modernity highly influenced the development and production of the telephone in the late 19th century onwards. Access to mass production, in conjunction with a surge of new technology, meant that the telephone quickly became a common household item. The want and need for the telephone quickly grew amongst the general public and has now become very rare for a person to not own their own phone.
Apple Macintosh - 1984
As you can see from this Apple Macintosh from 1984, the products that the company sell and the technology it uses have vastly improved.
MacBook Pro
iPhone 5
This is the phone to have at the moment. It is probably the most technologically advanced and most stylish phone created to date. This is the phone that all of the others phone manufacturers are competing with and trying to beat.
Cup and String: The 'cup and string' is probably the most simple and earliest form of the telephone. Known as 'the lovers telephone' it is simply made from two cups or tin cans connected by a piece of string. The way that this works is quite simple also; the sound travels along the piece of string by vibrations which is then converted back into sounds when it reaches the receivers ear. Although this is a very clever use of material, it was quickly overrun by the invention of the electrical telephone.
Phone Hacking: A much more recent occurrence that involved the use of the telephone was the phone hacking scandal. 'Phone hacking is the practice of intercepting telephone calls or voicemail messages, often by accessing the voicemail messages of a mobile phone without the consent of the phone's owner.' The newspaper 'News Of The World' were caught and found guilty of these crimes which are seen by many to be highly immoral. This caused the newspaper to admit its guilt and close down after 168 years of distributing its publication.
Phone Parts: CAN I PURCHASE AN OLD PHONE?
Films about/based around phones: With phones being very common and accessible, as well as very popular especially amongst younger people, there are many films and television programmes based around them.
Phone Booth
The Phone Shop
FoneJacker
Dom Joly's Happy Hour
Fine Art/Modern visual culture: As with film and television, many artists and designers have taken the telephones popularity and produced various types of work based around it.
Features of a phone: Most of the features that mobile phones have available:
- Phone directory
- Clock
- Calculator
- Games
- Personalized/custom sounds
- Appointment reminder/calendar
- Incoming-number storage
- Automatic redial
- Last-number recall
- Mute/hold button
- One-touch dialing/speed dialing
- Voice-activated functions
- Vibrate mode
- Lock/alarm
- Call forwarding
- Multi-party calls
- Hands-free headset/speakerphone
- External volume/ringer control
- Rapid charger/built-in charger
- Car adapter
- Text messaging
- Wireless Internet
- Modem function
- PC synchronization
- PDA
- MP3 player
- GPS receiver
These are just some of the things that modern mobile phones have available; there are many, many more functions that today's phones are capable of doing.
Mobile Phone Features
Alexander Graham Bell and rivals: Most people are aware that the first phone ever created was by Alexander Graham Bell. March 10, 1876 was the birth of the electrical telephone as well as the death of the multiple telegraph. "Mr Watson - come here - I want to see you." were the famous first words that were successfully transmitted over the telephone. However, many people argue that he was the first and rightful creator of the telephone. 'The Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell controversy concerns the question of whether Bell or Gray invented the telephone independently and, if not, whether Bell stole the invention from Gray.'
Alexander Graham Bell
Elisha Gray
Other contributors to the invention, creation and development of the telephone are:
Johann Philipp Reis, 1860, constructed prototype 'make-and-break' telephones, today called Reis' telephones.
Tivadar Puskás invented the telephone switchboard exchange in 1876.
Antonio Meucci, 1854, constructed telephone-like devices.
Thomas Edison, invented the carbon microphone which produced a strong telephone signal.
Crit:
In my crit I showed an up to date printed version of the publication and talked them through the concept and what I was planning on including within it. This is the pdf of my document as it stands:
They loved my page numbering system that I created by making symbols based around the Bakelite telephone and insisted that I should, if possible, try to incorporate it. Although they liked the concept the feedback that I received has made me really think about the format that my content will take. I was told that due to my content being in a book format it could be holding me back from creating something really good. When you have to constantly flip through pages it makes it much harder to see the change from each phone to the next; this could be much clearer if all of the content was laid out on a single spread. I was told to look into info graphic's and think about other methods of mapping out the timeline. I have taken this advice and looked into this idea, here is some of imagery I have found that I think will help me progress with my idea:
Picture of a telephone switchboard. This could be an interesting route to look down in terms of thinking of new, innovative ways of displaying my information in more of a map-like format.
This is called 'The Great Bear' and it is a map of famous people in the style of the subway map. I love this; aesthetically it looks amazing but it also works very efficiently. This could be a very good way for me to arrange and display my information as I want to show the history of the mobile phone, including all of the various factors that have affected it. Each different coloured line could represent a different factor, the cross over point being the point in time where the two factors 'met'.
This is a timeline of game controllers. I like the way in which they have been colour coded with a key at the bottom of the design. Another feature that makes this much more successful is the timeline on the side; the higher up the controller the older it is. This makes it much easier to see the progression compared to if they were just randomly placed.
This is very similar to what I am thinking about doing. It takes the subway map and combines it with the idea of a circuit board which is basically what I was thinking about doing. However, I think that in order for my design to be more effective and easier to navigate I would have to include some sort of timeline, perhaps like in the 'game controller map' image above. This would mean that at first glance it would appear similar in appearance to this, but on closer inspection you would notice that it was actually laid in in chronological order.
This is another circuit board image that will help me a lot if I decide to make my map look like this. I can use this image as a guide to ensure that my outcome looks like an actual circuit board.
This could be another interesting option, making a really scientific looking design that effectively shows the progression and timeline of the phone. However, I am unsure at the moment how I would make this work. Although, if I was to look further into this idea it would make incorporating my page numbering symbol much easier.
I came across this and think that if I can find a way to incorporate this, the morse code would work very nicely alongside my page numbering icons.
From looking through the information that I have gathered here, thinking about the most effective and efficient method of displaying my information, I am going to move forward with the subway map idea. It would be a very effective way of showing the various journeys of different things that have changed the phone and where along their journeys they have been combined. I could also think about mapping it out as though it is a subway map, before somehow converting the aesthetics to make it look like a circuit board. In order for my 'subway map' style idea to work, I need to think of different factors that have effected the development of the phone; these will make up the various lines. Here are my different 'lines':
- The Phone - The various different models starting from the very first 'mobile' phone
- Internet - The internet has had a huge impact on the newer mobile phones
- Social Media - Obviously made available due to the internet, social media has become a big part of modern phone features
- Games/Apps - Although there have been some games available on mobile phones for some time, they have also become much more popular recently
- Connectivity - This has been something that has evolved pretty rapidly and goes back a long way
- Camera - This is something that has been around for a long time, possibly longer than the phone, but when the two technologies were combined it changed the production of phones forever
- Touchscreen - A more recent development, touchscreen has now become huge and almost all t that have affected it; I need to research into the history of these to show how they have evolved as well as how and when they impacted on the development of the phone.
This is the New York Subway Map designed by modernist designer Massimo Vignelli. It is very simple and clear which is how I want my final outcome to look. I will use this as a reference when creating my own map, taking inspiration from the angles used (only 45 or 90 degrees) as well as point size, use of the grid and colours.
Books:
This is another book that I got out of the library. As I now know the route that I want to take my ideas and designs down, it was much easier for me to pick a book that would actually come in useful. This is filled with great stuff, some in particular I found very interesting and visually appealing.
Although I really enjoyed looking through 'Information is Beautiful', I felt that I hadn't really come across anything that would be of any help to me. I went back into the library and found this book which was filled with an array of information graphics that covered just about every topic. From looking through this, at specific pieces especially, I now have a much greater understanding of what I want to do and the best way to achieve it.
Design Sheets:
These are some of my design and idea sheets from when I was just trying to get down on paper what I wanted to put across and looking at how it could look as a subway map style design.
Internet: Taken from Wiki -
The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s. The public was first introduced to the concepts that would lead to the Internet when a message was sent over the ARPANet from computer science Professor Leonard Kleinrock's laboratory at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), after the second piece of network equipment was installed at Stanford Research Institute (SRI). Packet switched networks such as ARPANET, Mark I at NPL in the UK, CYCLADES, Merit Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. The ARPANET in particular led to the development of protocols for internetworking, in which multiple separate networks could be joined together into a network of networks.
In 1982, the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) was standardized, and consequently, the concept of a world-wide network of interconnected TCP/IP networks, called the Internet, was introduced. Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981 when the National Science Foundation (NSF) developed the Computer Science Network (CSNET) and again in 1986 when NSFNET provided access tosupercomputer sites in the United States from research and education organizations. Commercial Internet service providers (ISPs) began to emerge in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The ARPANET was decommissioned in 1990. The Internet was commercialized in 1995 when NSFNET was decommissioned, removing the last restrictions on the use of the Internet to carry commercial traffic.
Since the mid-1990s, the Internet has had a revolutionary impact on culture and commerce, including the rise of near-instant communication by electronic mail, instant messaging, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) "phone calls", two-way interactive video calls, and the World Wide Web with its discussion forums, blogs, social networking, and online shopping sites. The research and education community continues to develop and use advanced networks such as NSF's very high speed Backbone Network Service (vBNS), Internet2, and National LambdaRail. Increasing amounts of data are transmitted at higher and higher speeds over fiber optic networks operating at 1-Gbit/s, 10-Gbit/s, or more. The Internet's takeover over the global communication landscape was almost instant in historical terms: it only communicated 1% of the information flowing through two-way telecommunications networks in the year 1993, already 51% by 2000, and more than 97% of the telecommunicated information by 2007. Today the Internet continues to grow, driven by ever greater amounts of online information, commerce, entertainment, and social networking.
'The first mobile phone with Internet connectivity was the Nokia 9000 Communicator. It was launched in Finland back in 1996, but in truth the viability of accessing the Internet was at first limited by very high prices by the operators. In 1999, NTT DoCoMo launched i-Mode in Japan, which is considered the birth of mobile phone Internet services.'
Social Media:
Taken from Wiki -
1st - First generation began in 1999 or early 2000. Technologies used in this generation are application based, pre-installed on mobile handsets. Features such as text only chat via chat rooms. People involved who used these services are anonymous. The services of this generation mobile social networks can be used by pay as you go or subscription to service.
2nd - Second generation began in 2004 through 2006. Introduction of 3G and camera phones added many features such as uploading photos, mobile search for person based on profile, contact / flirt with person anonymously etc. Regional distributions of these features include Japan, Korea, Australia, Western Europe and US. The applications are mostly useful for dating purpose. The services of this generation mobile social networks can be used by pay as you go or subscription to service.
3rd - The experiments for this generation mobile social networks started in 2006. It was adopted widely in 2008/2009. This generation brought tremendous changes and made mobile social networks as a part of daily life. The features include richer user experience, automatic publishing to web profile and status updates, some web 2.0 features, search by group / join by interests, alerts, location based services content sharing especially music etc.. Technologies for WAP 2.0, Java on the server, MMS, voice capture etc. Applications introduced were customized with general interests such as music, mobile specific content distribution. Regional distributions of this generation of mobile social networks include Japan, Korea, Western Europe, and North America. Advertising and ad supported content become increasingly important. The services in this generation can be used by plans such as pay as you go; subscription based still popular networks gain scale to become content distribution platforFourth Generation
4th - Fourth generation began in 2008 and reached in 2010.All the features in third generation are advanced in this generation of social mobile networks. The features of this generation include the features of third generation, ability to hide/ mask presence, asynchronous video conversation, multi point audio chat conversation with one button, multiplayer mobile gaming etc. Technologies which made these features possible are web 2.0 widgets, Flash lite, open social, open handset alliance. The business model of previous generation continued along with virtual currency –purchase and trade of virtual goods.
Games/Apps:
'Of course, there were mobile games before Snake, but the true origin of mobile gaming can be traced back to a Nokia handset released in 1997. And whoever thought that the old-school classic Snake should be pre-loaded on the Nokia 6110, really pulled a masterstroke, because it sparked the beginning of a new era. Today we are spoiled by some high resolution graphics on our mobile devices, but Snake was nothing more but few (and we really mean few) black pixels moving on few green pixels. But that was before WAP broke into the scene - the next step in the mobile gaming evolution.'
Connectivity:
'Infrared is a line-of-sight wireless technology that uses a beam of invisible light to transmit information. This means that the infrared ports of both devices must be nearby and aimed at each other for a connection to succeed. Infrared is the same technology used in most remote controls for home A/V gear such as TVs. Some smartphones are capable of controlling home A/V gear via infrared. Software that mimics a universal remote control is required, which may be included, or may need to be purchased from a third party and downloaded to the phone. In early smartphones, from 2001 to 2007, infrared was also used for two-way exchange of data between phones, or between phones and computers. The main standard for this was IrDA. This functionality was then replaced by Bluetooth, which uses radio waves instead of light. Bluetooth is faster, more reliable, and more versatile than IrDA.' - http://www.phonescoop.com/glossary/term.php?gid=409
'Infrared is a line-of-sight wireless technology that uses a beam of invisible light to transmit information. This means that the infrared ports of both devices must be nearby and aimed at each other for a connection to succeed. Infrared is the same technology used in most remote controls for home A/V gear such as TVs. Some smartphones are capable of controlling home A/V gear via infrared. Software that mimics a universal remote control is required, which may be included, or may need to be purchased from a third party and downloaded to the phone. In early smartphones, from 2001 to 2007, infrared was also used for two-way exchange of data between phones, or between phones and computers. The main standard for this was IrDA. This functionality was then replaced by Bluetooth, which uses radio waves instead of light. Bluetooth is faster, more reliable, and more versatile than IrDA.' - http://www.phonescoop.com/glossary/term.php?gid=409
Camera:
This has pretty much everything I need for a history of digital cameras, even including the first camera phone.
Touchscreen:
I also think that another factor that has hugely impacted the development of the mobile phone is the company 'Apple Computers'. This is the history of their products:
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